Parts Glossary

Removes contaminants from incoming air before it enters the engine, protecting internal components from damage.

Releases compressed air when the throttle closes suddenly, preventing compressor surge and protecting turbocharger.

Ride on camshaft lobes to actuate valves, reducing friction and wear in the valve train.

Controls the opening and closing of valves through precisely shaped lobes, synchronized with crankshaft rotation.

Links the pistons to the crankshaft, transferring force from combustion to create rotational motion.

Converts the up-and-down motion of pistons into rotational motion that drives the wheels. Critical for engine operation.

Sits atop the engine block, containing valves, spark plugs, and combustion chambers where fuel ignites.

Allows checking of engine oil level and condition, essential for proper engine maintenance.

Routes high-voltage electricity from the coil to the correct spark plug in older ignition systems.

The engine's computer that manages fuel injection, ignition timing, and numerous other functions for optimal performance and emissions.

The main structure of the engine that houses cylinders and other internal components. Provides the foundation for the entire engine assembly.

Seal casting holes in the engine block and provide pressure relief if coolant freezes and expands.

Spray precisely metered amounts of fuel into cylinders or intake ports, controlled by the engine ECU.

Maintains proper fuel pressure in the fuel system, ensuring consistent injector performance.

Distributes fuel under high pressure to all fuel injectors, maintaining consistent fuel delivery.

Seals the junction between cylinder head and engine block, preventing leaks of coolant, oil, and combustion gases.

Transform battery voltage into the high voltage needed to create sparks at the spark plugs.

Distributes air or air-fuel mixture evenly to all cylinders, optimizing combustion efficiency.

Individual passages in the intake manifold that direct air to each cylinder, designed for optimal flow characteristics.

Cools compressed air from the turbocharger before it enters the engine, increasing air density for more power.

Detects abnormal combustion (engine knock), allowing the ECU to adjust timing to prevent engine damage.

Transfer motion from the camshaft to the valves, maintaining proper valve clearance and timing.

Support the crankshaft within the engine block, allowing smooth rotation while handling enormous forces.

Measures the mass of air entering the engine, allowing the ECU to calculate proper fuel delivery for optimal combustion.

Reduces engine oil temperature, particularly important in high-performance or heavily loaded engines.

Removes contaminants from engine oil, protecting components from wear and extending oil life.

Reservoir at the bottom of the engine that collects and stores engine oil for circulation through the lubrication system.

Circulates engine oil throughout the lubrication system, ensuring all moving parts receive adequate lubrication.

Monitor oxygen levels in exhaust gases, enabling the ECU to maintain optimal air-fuel ratio for efficiency and emissions.

Recirculates crankcase gases back into the intake system, reducing emissions and preventing pressure buildup.

Seal the gap between pistons and cylinder walls, preventing combustion gases from escaping and controlling oil consumption.

Move up and down within cylinders, compressing air-fuel mixture and transferring combustion force to the crankshaft.

Pivot to transfer camshaft motion to valves, providing mechanical advantage in valve actuation.

Enable connecting rods to rotate smoothly on the crankshaft while withstanding high loads and speeds.

Create the electric spark that ignites the compressed air-fuel mixture in petrol engines, initiating combustion.

Mechanically driven compressor that forces more air into the engine, boosting power output.

Controls the amount of air entering the engine based on accelerator pedal input, regulating engine power output.

Monitors throttle valve position, informing the ECU of driver power demands for proper fuel and ignition control.

Control crankshaft end-to-end movement, maintaining proper positioning within the engine block.

Synchronizes crankshaft and camshaft rotation, ensuring valves open and close at the correct time relative to piston position.

Protects timing components from dirt and debris while containing engine oil in the timing area.

Drive the timing belt or chain, maintaining precise synchronization between crankshaft and camshaft.

Uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine that compresses intake air, significantly increasing engine power output.

Return valves to their closed position after being opened by the camshaft, ensuring proper sealing of combustion chambers.

Control the flow of air-fuel mixture into cylinders and exhaust gases out. Open and close in precise timing with engine operation.

Controls turbocharger boost pressure by diverting excess exhaust gases away from the turbine.